Alexander Bach
Dr. rer. nat.
+49 241 80-27262
Publikationen
2025
Stratemann L; Schröer L; Bach A; Toschki A; Oellers J; Roß-Nickoll M
Diversitätsmuster und Methodenevaluation zur Erfassung und Bewertung der Bodenbiodiversität in der Agrarlandschaft Forschungsbericht
Deutschland / Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN-Schriften 746, 2025.
@techreport{nokey,
title = {Diversitätsmuster und Methodenevaluation zur Erfassung und Bewertung der Bodenbiodiversität in der Agrarlandschaft},
author = {Lucas Stratemann and Lukas Schröer and Alexander Bach and Andreas Toschki and Johanna Oellers and Martina Roß-Nickoll},
url = {BfN-Schriften 746},
doi = {10.19217/skr746},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-08-01},
urldate = {2025-08-01},
issue = {BfN-Schriften 746},
pages = {115 S.},
address = {BfN-Schriften 746},
institution = {Deutschland / Bundesamt für Naturschutz,},
abstract = {Die Identifizierung von Biodiversitätsmustern in Agrarlandschaften ist für die Bewertung des ökologischen Zustands und die Entwicklung nachhaltiger Bewirtschaftungsstrategien von entscheidender Bedeutung. Im Rahmen des Projektes BioDivSoil wurde die Bodenbiodiversität unter verschiedenen Landnutzungsformen mit etablierten und molekularbiologischen Methoden untersucht. Ziel war es, Indikatoren für die Förderung und Bewertung von Bodenlebensgemeinschaften zu identifizieren.
An insgesamt 45 Standorten wurde die Bodenfauna erfasst und mit morphologischen und molekularbiologischen Ansätzen bis zur Art bestimmt. Untersucht wurden Collembola, Oribatida und Lumbricidae als Vertreter der endogäischen Lebensgemeinschaften sowie Carabidae und Araneae als Vertreter der epigäischen Prädatoren. Auf molekularbiologischer Ebene wurden eDNA-Analysen von Bodenproben und DNA-Metabarcoding von Bodenfalleninhalten eingesetzt.
Die Datenerhebung des ersten Untersuchungsjahrs zeigten deutliche Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen Landnutzungsformen. Es wurden Kipppunkte identifiziert, welche sich im Verschwinden spezialisierter Arten und der Dominanz generalistischer Arten auf intensiv genutzten Standorten, d. h. Intensivgrünland und Ackerflächen, äußerten. Dieses Muster wurde sowohl für endogäische als auch für epigäische Tiergruppen identifiziert. Während Collembola und Oribatida einen starken Rückgang der Arten- und Individuenzahlen zeigten, blieb dieser bei den Carabidae und Araneae aus. Auch die molekularbiologisch bestimmten Beifänge aus Bodenfallen zeigten Unterschiede zwischen den Landnutzungsformen hinsichtlich der Artenzusammensetzung. Mittels der eDNA-Analysen identifizierte endogäische Biozönosen konnten nur zwischen Feldrainen und Intensivstandorten unterschieden werden.
Sowohl die DNA-basierten Methoden als auch die Carabidae und Araneae zeigten signifikant höhere Artenzahlen in Feldrainen als auf Ackerflächen, was auf die enorme Bedeutung der Strukturvielfalt in der Agrarlandschaft hinweist. Zwischen Ackerflächen und Intensivgrünland wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede festgestellt. Insbesondere die Lumbricidae unterschieden sich kaum zwischen den drei Landnutzungsformen.
Im zweiten Untersuchungsjahr wurden biologisch und konventionell bewirtschaftete Ackerflächen sowie junge Ackerbrachen hinsichtlich ihrer Biodiversität miteinander verglichen. In diesem Projektteil wurden Carabidae und Araneae morphologisch bestimmt sowie eDNA-Analysen aus Bodenproben und DNA-Metabarcoding der Beifänge durchgeführt. Es wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen biologisch und konventionell bewirtschafteten Ackerflächen gefunden. Die konventionell bewirtschafteten Ackerflächen wiesen jedoch im Vergleich zu den Ackerbrachen eine signifikant geringere Artenzahl und Functional Richness auf. Die eDNA-Analyse zeigte für endogäische Gruppen eine signifikant höhere Artenzahl auf biologischen Flächen verglichen mit Ackerbrachen. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass sich epigäische Lebensgemeinschaften schneller erholen und schneller auf Veränderungen der Umweltfaktoren reagieren als endogäische Gemeinschaften.
Das BioDivSoil-Projekt liefert wichtige Erkenntnisse zur Bewertung der Biodiversität in der Agrarlandschaft und zeigt gleichzeitig Forschungs- und Handlungsbedarf für eine nachhaltige Bodennutzung in der Landwirtschaft auf.},
key = {BfN-Schriften 746},
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tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Die Identifizierung von Biodiversitätsmustern in Agrarlandschaften ist für die Bewertung des ökologischen Zustands und die Entwicklung nachhaltiger Bewirtschaftungsstrategien von entscheidender Bedeutung. Im Rahmen des Projektes BioDivSoil wurde die Bodenbiodiversität unter verschiedenen Landnutzungsformen mit etablierten und molekularbiologischen Methoden untersucht. Ziel war es, Indikatoren für die Förderung und Bewertung von Bodenlebensgemeinschaften zu identifizieren.
An insgesamt 45 Standorten wurde die Bodenfauna erfasst und mit morphologischen und molekularbiologischen Ansätzen bis zur Art bestimmt. Untersucht wurden Collembola, Oribatida und Lumbricidae als Vertreter der endogäischen Lebensgemeinschaften sowie Carabidae und Araneae als Vertreter der epigäischen Prädatoren. Auf molekularbiologischer Ebene wurden eDNA-Analysen von Bodenproben und DNA-Metabarcoding von Bodenfalleninhalten eingesetzt.
Die Datenerhebung des ersten Untersuchungsjahrs zeigten deutliche Unterschiede zwischen verschiedenen Landnutzungsformen. Es wurden Kipppunkte identifiziert, welche sich im Verschwinden spezialisierter Arten und der Dominanz generalistischer Arten auf intensiv genutzten Standorten, d. h. Intensivgrünland und Ackerflächen, äußerten. Dieses Muster wurde sowohl für endogäische als auch für epigäische Tiergruppen identifiziert. Während Collembola und Oribatida einen starken Rückgang der Arten- und Individuenzahlen zeigten, blieb dieser bei den Carabidae und Araneae aus. Auch die molekularbiologisch bestimmten Beifänge aus Bodenfallen zeigten Unterschiede zwischen den Landnutzungsformen hinsichtlich der Artenzusammensetzung. Mittels der eDNA-Analysen identifizierte endogäische Biozönosen konnten nur zwischen Feldrainen und Intensivstandorten unterschieden werden.
Sowohl die DNA-basierten Methoden als auch die Carabidae und Araneae zeigten signifikant höhere Artenzahlen in Feldrainen als auf Ackerflächen, was auf die enorme Bedeutung der Strukturvielfalt in der Agrarlandschaft hinweist. Zwischen Ackerflächen und Intensivgrünland wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede festgestellt. Insbesondere die Lumbricidae unterschieden sich kaum zwischen den drei Landnutzungsformen.
Im zweiten Untersuchungsjahr wurden biologisch und konventionell bewirtschaftete Ackerflächen sowie junge Ackerbrachen hinsichtlich ihrer Biodiversität miteinander verglichen. In diesem Projektteil wurden Carabidae und Araneae morphologisch bestimmt sowie eDNA-Analysen aus Bodenproben und DNA-Metabarcoding der Beifänge durchgeführt. Es wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen biologisch und konventionell bewirtschafteten Ackerflächen gefunden. Die konventionell bewirtschafteten Ackerflächen wiesen jedoch im Vergleich zu den Ackerbrachen eine signifikant geringere Artenzahl und Functional Richness auf. Die eDNA-Analyse zeigte für endogäische Gruppen eine signifikant höhere Artenzahl auf biologischen Flächen verglichen mit Ackerbrachen. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass sich epigäische Lebensgemeinschaften schneller erholen und schneller auf Veränderungen der Umweltfaktoren reagieren als endogäische Gemeinschaften.
Das BioDivSoil-Projekt liefert wichtige Erkenntnisse zur Bewertung der Biodiversität in der Agrarlandschaft und zeigt gleichzeitig Forschungs- und Handlungsbedarf für eine nachhaltige Bodennutzung in der Landwirtschaft auf.
Bach A; Jedamski J; Daniels B; Roß-Nickoll M
In: Urban Ecosyst, Bd. 28, Nr. 1, 2025, ISSN: 1573-1642.
@article{Bach2024,
title = {From lawns to meadows: spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) as indicators to measure urban grassland restoration success},
author = {Alexander Bach and Jana Jedamski and Benjamin Daniels and Martina Roß-Nickoll},
doi = {10.1007/s11252-024-01626-x},
issn = {1573-1642},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-02-00},
journal = {Urban Ecosyst},
volume = {28},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Abstract
In the present study, we investigate how spiders can be used to assess the effectiveness of restoring mesic grasslands on former urban lawns. We compile and analyze a comprehensive dataset, including both past and current data, focusing on the Aachen region. By systematically examining this data, we identify various indicators using different analytical methods. This approach allows us to distinguish distinct species communities, making them useful as diagnostic tools at various stages of habitat development. Additionally, we identify further parameters that are essential for evaluating meadow restoration in urban settings. We highlight the crucial importance of understanding the local species repertoire, as this knowledge is vital for setting realistic benchmarks for restoration projects. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2024
Bach A; Lauterbach S; Astrin J J; Thorns H; Bauer T
A master in disguise? The rediscovery of Misumena bicolor Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae) Artikel
In: Zootaxa, Bd. 5529, Nr. 1, S. 175–185, 2024, ISSN: 1175-5334.
@article{BACH2024b,
title = {A master in disguise? The rediscovery of Misumena bicolor Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Thomisidae)},
author = {Alexander Bach and Stephan Lauterbach and Jonas J. Astrin and Hans-Jürgen Thorns and Tobias Bauer},
doi = {10.11646/zootaxa.5529.1.9},
issn = {1175-5334},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-24},
urldate = {2024-10-24},
journal = {Zootaxa},
volume = {5529},
number = {1},
pages = {175--185},
publisher = {Magnolia Press},
abstract = {Misumena bicolor Simon, 1875, an enigmatic species known only from the male holotype collected on Corsica (France), has remained elusive since its initial description. In this study, we report new occurrences of M. bicolor from Sardinia (Italy) and Bavaria (Germany) based on male material, considerably expanding its known distribution. Employing an integrative taxonomic approach encompassing both morphological and COI (barcode) analyses, we confirm M. bicolor as a valid species. As the male of M. bicolor apparently has a distinct coloration, we complement the known distributional data with possible sightings of photographic observations from various naturalist portals and hereby provide additional evidence for the establishment of the species on the French mainland and in Germany.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Misumena bicolor Simon, 1875, an enigmatic species known only from the male holotype collected on Corsica (France), has remained elusive since its initial description. In this study, we report new occurrences of M. bicolor from Sardinia (Italy) and Bavaria (Germany) based on male material, considerably expanding its known distribution. Employing an integrative taxonomic approach encompassing both morphological and COI (barcode) analyses, we confirm M. bicolor as a valid species. As the male of M. bicolor apparently has a distinct coloration, we complement the known distributional data with possible sightings of photographic observations from various naturalist portals and hereby provide additional evidence for the establishment of the species on the French mainland and in Germany.
Schröer L; Bach A; Oellers J; Nabel M; Kirse A; Stratemann L; Toschki A; Roß-Nickoll M
In: Natur und Landschaft, Bd. 99, Ausg. 9/10, S. 470-479, 2024.
@article{nokey,
title = {Hürden und Chancen der Integration DNA-basierter Methoden für ein Bodenbiodiversitätsmonitoring in Agrarlebensräumen},
author = {Lukas Schröer and Alexander Bach and Johanna Oellers and Moritz Nabel and Ameli Kirse and Lucas Stratemann and Andreas Toschki and Martina Roß-Nickoll},
url = {https://bfn.bsz-bw.de/files/1993/NuL2024-09-06.pdf},
doi = {10.19217/NuL2024-09-06},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-01},
urldate = {2024-10-01},
journal = {Natur und Landschaft},
volume = {99},
issue = {9/10},
pages = {470-479},
abstract = {Trotz steigender Anerkennung der Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen und deren Diversität bestehen auch heute noch große Wissenslücken hinsichtlich der im und auf dem Boden lebenden Organismen. Auf dieser Grundlage entstand die Idee für das BioDivSoil-Projekt, in dem in einem einheitlichen Studiendesign auf drei verschiedenen Standorttypen (Acker, Feldrain, Grünland) Vergleiche zwischen der morphologischen Bestimmung von Organismen (Laufkäfer – Carabidae, Spinnen – Araneae, Springschwänze – Collembola, Hornmilben – Oribatida, Regenwürmer – Lumbricidae) und verschiedenen molekularbiologischen Methoden zur Artbestimmung angestellt werden. So soll die Eignung der molekular-biologischen Methoden als Werkzeug in einem ökologischen Monitoring terrestrischer Lebensräume überprüft werden. Erste Vergleiche der verschiedenen Methoden hinsichtlich der gefundenen Artenzahlen der Gruppen Lumbriciden, Oribatiden und Collembolen zeigen, dass die molekularbiologischen Methoden durchaus Potenzial zur Anwendung innerhalb eines ökologischen Monitorings aufweisen. Dennoch existieren noch große Einschränkungen aufgrund lückenhafter Gendatenbanken, bisher nicht standardisierter Verfahren und der Frage nach der Validierbarkeit der Ergebnisse. Diese Hindernisse müssen auf dem Weg zu einer einheitlichen Anwendung der Methoden im Rahmen eines ökologischen Monitorings von Böden zwingend beseitigt werden.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Trotz steigender Anerkennung der Bedeutung von Bodenorganismen und deren Diversität bestehen auch heute noch große Wissenslücken hinsichtlich der im und auf dem Boden lebenden Organismen. Auf dieser Grundlage entstand die Idee für das BioDivSoil-Projekt, in dem in einem einheitlichen Studiendesign auf drei verschiedenen Standorttypen (Acker, Feldrain, Grünland) Vergleiche zwischen der morphologischen Bestimmung von Organismen (Laufkäfer – Carabidae, Spinnen – Araneae, Springschwänze – Collembola, Hornmilben – Oribatida, Regenwürmer – Lumbricidae) und verschiedenen molekularbiologischen Methoden zur Artbestimmung angestellt werden. So soll die Eignung der molekular-biologischen Methoden als Werkzeug in einem ökologischen Monitoring terrestrischer Lebensräume überprüft werden. Erste Vergleiche der verschiedenen Methoden hinsichtlich der gefundenen Artenzahlen der Gruppen Lumbriciden, Oribatiden und Collembolen zeigen, dass die molekularbiologischen Methoden durchaus Potenzial zur Anwendung innerhalb eines ökologischen Monitorings aufweisen. Dennoch existieren noch große Einschränkungen aufgrund lückenhafter Gendatenbanken, bisher nicht standardisierter Verfahren und der Frage nach der Validierbarkeit der Ergebnisse. Diese Hindernisse müssen auf dem Weg zu einer einheitlichen Anwendung der Methoden im Rahmen eines ökologischen Monitorings von Böden zwingend beseitigt werden.
Jedamski J; Bach A
Tetralonia alticincta (LEPELETIER, 1841) erneut in Deutschland nachgewiesen (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Artikel
In: Anthophila, Bd. 2, Ausg. 1, S. 51-56, 2024.
@article{nokey,
title = {Tetralonia alticincta (LEPELETIER, 1841) erneut in Deutschland nachgewiesen (Hymenoptera: Apidae)},
author = {Jana Jedamski and Alexander Bach},
url = {https://www.wildbienenzentrum.de/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Jedamski-Bach-2024-Tetralonia-alticincta.pdf},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-01},
journal = {Anthophila},
volume = {2},
issue = {1},
pages = {51-56},
abstract = {The long-horned bee Tetralonia alticincta (LEPELETIER, 1841) has been documented in Aachen (North Rhine-West-phalia) in 2019. Previously, this species was only known from the Kaiserstuhl region of Baden-Württemberg, with the last observation dating back more than 90 years (STROHM 1925). This newly identified occurrence prompts consideration on the possible origins of the individual. Furthermore, the conservation status of the species throughout Central Europe is discussed.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The long-horned bee Tetralonia alticincta (LEPELETIER, 1841) has been documented in Aachen (North Rhine-West-phalia) in 2019. Previously, this species was only known from the Kaiserstuhl region of Baden-Württemberg, with the last observation dating back more than 90 years (STROHM 1925). This newly identified occurrence prompts consideration on the possible origins of the individual. Furthermore, the conservation status of the species throughout Central Europe is discussed.
Bach A; Raub F; Höfer H; Ottermanns R; Roß-Nickoll M
In: Database, Bd. 2024, S. baae004, 2024, ISSN: 1758-0463.
@article{Bach2024c,
title = {ARAapp: filling gaps in the ecological knowledge of spiders using an automated and dynamic approach to analyze systematically collected community data},
author = {Alexander Bach and Florian Raub and Hubert Höfer and Richard Ottermanns and Martina Roß-Nickoll},
doi = {10.1093/database/baae004},
issn = {1758-0463},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
urldate = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Database},
volume = {2024},
pages = {baae004},
publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},
abstract = {The ARAMOB data repository compiles meticulously curated spider community datasets from systematical collections, ensuring a high standard of data quality. These datasets are enriched with crucial methodological data that enable the datasets to be aligned in time and space, facilitating data synthesis across studies, respectively, collections. To streamline the analysis of these datasets in a species-specific context, a suite of tailored ecological analysis tools named ARAapp has been developed. By harnessing the capabilities of ARAapp, users can systematically evaluate the spider species data housed within the ARAMOB repository, elucidating intricate relationships with a range of parameters such as vertical stratification, habitat occurrence, ecological niche parameters (moisture and shading) and phenological patterns.
Database URL: ARAapp is available at www.aramob.de/en},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The ARAMOB data repository compiles meticulously curated spider community datasets from systematical collections, ensuring a high standard of data quality. These datasets are enriched with crucial methodological data that enable the datasets to be aligned in time and space, facilitating data synthesis across studies, respectively, collections. To streamline the analysis of these datasets in a species-specific context, a suite of tailored ecological analysis tools named ARAapp has been developed. By harnessing the capabilities of ARAapp, users can systematically evaluate the spider species data housed within the ARAMOB repository, elucidating intricate relationships with a range of parameters such as vertical stratification, habitat occurrence, ecological niche parameters (moisture and shading) and phenological patterns.
Database URL: ARAapp is available at www.aramob.de/en
Database URL: ARAapp is available at www.aramob.de/en
2023
Bach A; Roß-Nickoll M; Holstein J; Ottermanns R; Raub F; Triebel D; Weiss M; Wendt I; Höfer H
In: Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters, Bd. 66, Ausg. 1, S. 79-85, 2023, ISSN: 1018-4171.
@article{Bach2023,
title = {Improved access to arachnological data for ecological research through the ARAMOB data repository, supported by Diversity Workbench and NFDI data pipelines},
author = {Alexander Bach and Martina Roß-Nickoll and Joachim Holstein and Richard Ottermanns and Florian Raub and Dagmar Triebel and Markus Weiss and Ingo Wendt and Hubert Höfer},
doi = {10.30963/aramit6609},
issn = {1018-4171},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-01},
urldate = {2023-12-01},
journal = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters},
volume = {66},
issue = {1},
pages = {79-85},
publisher = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen},
abstract = {The scientific community has been developing and refining digital data standards to ensure that biodiversity data can be easily exchanged between different databases, systems and institutions. However, scientists still face the challenge of effectively analysing this vast amount of data. Variations in the quality, documentation and availability of metadata often make it difficult for scientists to compile appropriate datasets for their research. One contribution towards this task is the research data repository ARAMOB of the Arachnologische Gesellschaft (AraGes), which focuses on systematically collected data on spider assemblages. Mandatory requirements have been developed to ensure the quality and utility of the data for ecological research during a given project. A next step towards enhancing the data basis for convincing analyses of spider assemblages in Central Europe is the offer to now publish data in the society's open access journal Arachnologische Mitteilungen/Arachnology Letters, which are integrated into the data repository and thus made effectively accessible and usable. These data papers will be presented as one printed page in the journal, accessible on the website of the AraGes and from the BioOne Digital Library, accompanied by a PDF-document containing metadata to effectively use the published data. The original dataset is published as spreadsheet tables, but also deposited in the ARAMOB data repository, which is managed with the modularized database software and virtual research environment Diversity Workbench. By this means, the published data packages are also accessible and analysable within a wider context through the ARAMOB web portal. On request, scientists can also exploit data with the free and well-documented Diversity Workbench software tools. The data pipelines involved are defined in the context of the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The scientific community has been developing and refining digital data standards to ensure that biodiversity data can be easily exchanged between different databases, systems and institutions. However, scientists still face the challenge of effectively analysing this vast amount of data. Variations in the quality, documentation and availability of metadata often make it difficult for scientists to compile appropriate datasets for their research. One contribution towards this task is the research data repository ARAMOB of the Arachnologische Gesellschaft (AraGes), which focuses on systematically collected data on spider assemblages. Mandatory requirements have been developed to ensure the quality and utility of the data for ecological research during a given project. A next step towards enhancing the data basis for convincing analyses of spider assemblages in Central Europe is the offer to now publish data in the society's open access journal Arachnologische Mitteilungen/Arachnology Letters, which are integrated into the data repository and thus made effectively accessible and usable. These data papers will be presented as one printed page in the journal, accessible on the website of the AraGes and from the BioOne Digital Library, accompanied by a PDF-document containing metadata to effectively use the published data. The original dataset is published as spreadsheet tables, but also deposited in the ARAMOB data repository, which is managed with the modularized database software and virtual research environment Diversity Workbench. By this means, the published data packages are also accessible and analysable within a wider context through the ARAMOB web portal. On request, scientists can also exploit data with the free and well-documented Diversity Workbench software tools. The data pipelines involved are defined in the context of the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI).
Raub F; Bach A; Bauer T; Höfer H
In: Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters, Bd. 66, Ausg. 1, S. iii-iv, 2023, ISSN: 1018-4171.
@article{Raub2023,
title = {Data paper publication in Arachnologische Mitteilungen – Goals, review criteria, editorial procedures, format, data management and mobilization},
author = {Florian Raub and Alexander Bach and Tobias Bauer and Hubert Höfer},
doi = {10.30963/aramit6612},
issn = {1018-4171},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-01},
urldate = {2023-12-01},
journal = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters},
volume = {66},
issue = {1},
pages = {iii-iv},
publisher = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen},
abstract = {We present a new service of Arachnologische Gesellschaft – data publication in Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters. A first exemplary dataset is published in this volume. Here we inform about the goals, criteria for acceptance of manuscripts and data, the foreseen editorial procedures, formats, the websites of the digital publication and the data repository ARAMOB used to archive, manage and mobilize the data.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We present a new service of Arachnologische Gesellschaft – data publication in Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters. A first exemplary dataset is published in this volume. Here we inform about the goals, criteria for acceptance of manuscripts and data, the foreseen editorial procedures, formats, the websites of the digital publication and the data repository ARAMOB used to archive, manage and mobilize the data.
Bach A
Empowering ecological research by improving access and usability of biodiversity data: an arachnological perspective Promotionsarbeit
RWTH Aachen University, 2023.
@phdthesis{nokey,
title = {Empowering ecological research by improving access and usability of biodiversity data: an arachnological perspective},
author = {Alexander Bach},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2023-08502},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-01},
urldate = {2023-09-01},
school = {RWTH Aachen University},
abstract = {Since Linnaeus' pioneering efforts to classify and organize the natural system of flora and fauna, humanity has made significant advancements in the collection, organization, and accessibility of biodiversity data. In the past, biodiversity data was primarily collected and stored in paper-based formats such as binders and index cards. However, with the advent of digital technology, efforts have been made to leverage electronic storage capabilities for the preservation and accessibility of biodiversity data. Today, billions of biodiversity data records are freely accessible and just a click away and the constant influx of new data, generated by both professional scientists and citizen scientists using modern technology such as cell phone cameras and image recognition software, ensures that this stream of information is continuously expanding. The scientific community has been developing and refining digital data standards to ensure that biodiversity data can be easily exchanged between different databases, systems, and institutions. However, scientists still face the challenge of effectively analyzing this vast amount of data. Variations in the quality, documentation, and availability of metadata often make it difficult for scientists to compile appropriate data sets for their research. One solution to this issue is the research data repository ARAMOB, which focuses solely on systematically collected spider community data. Mandatory requirements have been developed to ensure the quality and utility of the data for ecological research. Those parameters were also used to address a problem that is often overlooked: the loss of biodiversity data from the pre-digital and early digital eras. Despite the digitization of many data sets, a significant amount of biodiversity data from this period remains trapped in paper form, residing in the offices and archives of universities, libraries, and research institutions worldwide, and is thus largely inaccessible and at risk of being lost. This data is crucial for understanding the changes in our ecosystems in the face of climate change, globalization, as well as the increasing extinction rates of native species. Those datasets enable researchers to gain insights into past communities in our ecosystems and take appropriate protective measures for the future. A low-threshold, time-efficient workflow along the key steps in the data life cycle was developed, focusing on research quality datasets using above defined parameters. This workflow was used to mobilize a large amount of previously "trapped" biodiversity data for research and make it accessible again via the ARAMOB research data repository. Compiling high-quality datasets from various sources facilitates cross-study evaluations and can yield novel ecological insights. Therefore, specialized ecological-statistical tools have been developed, which enable automated querying of repository datasets and processing them for species-based analyses through a user-friendly graphical web interface. These tools can be utilized to evaluate the data on spider species within the ARAMOB repository, in relation to various parameters such as height, habitat preference, ecological niche (moisture, shading) and phenology. To demonstrate the potential of the ARAMOB repository for more complex meta-analyses, two ecological case studies were conducted. The first case study used approximately 20-year-old spider community datasets from field margins in intensive agricultural landscapes, which were resampled in 2018. The results revealed few differences in both species diversity and individual numbers, but significant differences in an increase in mean body size and a decrease in hygrophilous species. Additionally, the community structure in most sites appeared to be relatively stable during this period. The second case study utilized ARAMOB data to investigate the suitability of spiders as evaluation tools in restoration measures for mesophilic grassland on former park and ornamental grassland sites. Regionally selected data sets were carefully chosen to demonstrate the importance of understanding the local species pool to determine realistic targets in restoration projects.},
howpublished = {Promotion, RWTH Aachen University},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Since Linnaeus' pioneering efforts to classify and organize the natural system of flora and fauna, humanity has made significant advancements in the collection, organization, and accessibility of biodiversity data. In the past, biodiversity data was primarily collected and stored in paper-based formats such as binders and index cards. However, with the advent of digital technology, efforts have been made to leverage electronic storage capabilities for the preservation and accessibility of biodiversity data. Today, billions of biodiversity data records are freely accessible and just a click away and the constant influx of new data, generated by both professional scientists and citizen scientists using modern technology such as cell phone cameras and image recognition software, ensures that this stream of information is continuously expanding. The scientific community has been developing and refining digital data standards to ensure that biodiversity data can be easily exchanged between different databases, systems, and institutions. However, scientists still face the challenge of effectively analyzing this vast amount of data. Variations in the quality, documentation, and availability of metadata often make it difficult for scientists to compile appropriate data sets for their research. One solution to this issue is the research data repository ARAMOB, which focuses solely on systematically collected spider community data. Mandatory requirements have been developed to ensure the quality and utility of the data for ecological research. Those parameters were also used to address a problem that is often overlooked: the loss of biodiversity data from the pre-digital and early digital eras. Despite the digitization of many data sets, a significant amount of biodiversity data from this period remains trapped in paper form, residing in the offices and archives of universities, libraries, and research institutions worldwide, and is thus largely inaccessible and at risk of being lost. This data is crucial for understanding the changes in our ecosystems in the face of climate change, globalization, as well as the increasing extinction rates of native species. Those datasets enable researchers to gain insights into past communities in our ecosystems and take appropriate protective measures for the future. A low-threshold, time-efficient workflow along the key steps in the data life cycle was developed, focusing on research quality datasets using above defined parameters. This workflow was used to mobilize a large amount of previously "trapped" biodiversity data for research and make it accessible again via the ARAMOB research data repository. Compiling high-quality datasets from various sources facilitates cross-study evaluations and can yield novel ecological insights. Therefore, specialized ecological-statistical tools have been developed, which enable automated querying of repository datasets and processing them for species-based analyses through a user-friendly graphical web interface. These tools can be utilized to evaluate the data on spider species within the ARAMOB repository, in relation to various parameters such as height, habitat preference, ecological niche (moisture, shading) and phenology. To demonstrate the potential of the ARAMOB repository for more complex meta-analyses, two ecological case studies were conducted. The first case study used approximately 20-year-old spider community datasets from field margins in intensive agricultural landscapes, which were resampled in 2018. The results revealed few differences in both species diversity and individual numbers, but significant differences in an increase in mean body size and a decrease in hygrophilous species. Additionally, the community structure in most sites appeared to be relatively stable during this period. The second case study utilized ARAMOB data to investigate the suitability of spiders as evaluation tools in restoration measures for mesophilic grassland on former park and ornamental grassland sites. Regionally selected data sets were carefully chosen to demonstrate the importance of understanding the local species pool to determine realistic targets in restoration projects.
Bach A; Zäpernick F; Stratemann L
In: Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters, Bd. 65, Ausg. 1, 2023, ISSN: 1018-4171.
@article{Bach2023b,
title = {The first record of Diplocephalus graecus (Araneae: Linyphiidae) in Germany with comments on its range expansion},
author = {Alexander Bach and Freya Zäpernick and Lucas Stratemann},
doi = {10.30963/aramit6504},
issn = {1018-4171},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-08-01},
urldate = {2023-08-01},
journal = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen: Arachnology Letters},
volume = {65},
issue = {1},
publisher = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen},
abstract = {Diplocephalus graecus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), a very common holomediterranean species, has undergone a remarkable range expansion in the western Palaearctic region over the past two decades. Recently, the species was found for the first time in Germany in a field near Aachen (North Rhine-Westphalia). We traced the potential dispersal path of D. graecus and provide additional insights into the biology of this species. This record additionally highlights the considerable range expansion of D. graecus, which may have implications for the biodiversity and ecological dynamics of the region.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Diplocephalus graecus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), a very common holomediterranean species, has undergone a remarkable range expansion in the western Palaearctic region over the past two decades. Recently, the species was found for the first time in Germany in a field near Aachen (North Rhine-Westphalia). We traced the potential dispersal path of D. graecus and provide additional insights into the biology of this species. This record additionally highlights the considerable range expansion of D. graecus, which may have implications for the biodiversity and ecological dynamics of the region.
2018
Bach A; Krämer-Klement K; Roß-Nickoll M
In: Arachnologische Mitteilungen, Bd. 55, Ausg. 1, S. 79-83, 2018, ISSN: 2199-7233.
@article{Bach2018,
title = {Nachweise seltener Spinnentiere in Wäldern der Osteifel (Rheinland-Pfalz) (Araneae: Agelenidae, Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Theridiidae; Opiliones: Ischyropsalididae)},
author = {Alexander Bach and Klara Krämer-Klement and Martina Roß-Nickoll},
doi = {10.30963/aramit5514},
issn = {2199-7233},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-00},
urldate = {2018-01-00},
journal = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen},
volume = {55},
issue = {1},
pages = {79-83},
publisher = {Arachnologische Mitteilungen},
abstract = {Records of rare arachnids from forests in the Eastern Eifel (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) (Araneae: Agelenidae, Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Theridiidae; Opiliones: Ischyropsalididae). New species records for the Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) from studies in forests from the Eastern Eifel region are reported. Ischyropsalis hellwigii hellwigii (Panzer, 1794) is recorded for the first time west of the river Rhine. Other remarkable species are Oreonetides quadridentatus , to date known from only ten other localities in Germany, Coelotes atropos (Walckenaer, 1830), Gibbaranea omoeda (Thorell, 1870) and Robertus scoticus Jackson, 1914.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Records of rare arachnids from forests in the Eastern Eifel (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) (Araneae: Agelenidae, Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Theridiidae; Opiliones: Ischyropsalididae). New species records for the Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) from studies in forests from the Eastern Eifel region are reported. Ischyropsalis hellwigii hellwigii (Panzer, 1794) is recorded for the first time west of the river Rhine. Other remarkable species are Oreonetides quadridentatus , to date known from only ten other localities in Germany, Coelotes atropos (Walckenaer, 1830), Gibbaranea omoeda (Thorell, 1870) and Robertus scoticus Jackson, 1914.
2016
Wyrwoll A J; Lautenschläger P; Bach A; Hellack B; Dybowska A; Kuhlbusch T A J; Hollert H; Schäffer A; Maes H M
Size matters – The phototoxicity of TiO2 nanomaterials Artikel
In: Environmental Pollution, Bd. 208, S. 859-867, 2016, ISSN: 0269-7491.
@article{Wyrwoll2016,
title = {Size matters – The phototoxicity of TiO2 nanomaterials},
author = {Anne J. Wyrwoll and Petra Lautenschläger and Alexander Bach and Bryan Hellack and Agnieszka Dybowska and Thomas A.J. Kuhlbusch and Henner Hollert and Andreas Schäffer and Hanna M. Maes},
doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2015.10.035},
issn = {0269-7491},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-00},
urldate = {2016-01-00},
journal = {Environmental Pollution},
volume = {208},
pages = {859-867},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Under solar radiation several titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) are known to be phototoxic for daphnids. We investigated the influence of primary particle size (10, 25, and 220 nm) and ionic strength (IS) of the test medium on the acute phototoxicity of anatase TiO2 particles to Daphnia magna.
The intermediate sized particles (25 nm) showed the highest phototoxicity followed by the 10 nm and 220 nm sized particles (median effective concentrations (EC50): 0.53, 1.28, 3.88 mg/L). Photoactivity was specified by differentiating free radical dotOH radicals (therephthalic acid method) and on the other hand surface adsorbed, as well as free radical dotOH, electron holes, and
(electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, EPR). We show that the formation of free radical dotOH radicals increased with a decrease in primary particle size (terephthalic acid method), whereas the total measured ROS content was highest at an intermediate particle size of 25 nm, which consequently revealed the highest photoxicity. The photoactivities of the 10 and 220 nm particles as measured by EPR were comparable. We suggest that phototoxicity depends additionally on the particle–daphnia interaction area, which explains the higher photoxicity of the 10 nm particles compared to the 220 nm particles. Thus, phototoxicity is a function of the generation of different ROS and the particle–daphnia interaction area, both depending on particle size.
Phototoxicity of the 10 nm and 25 nm sized nanoparticles decreased as IS of the test medium increased (EC50: 2.9 and 1.1 mg/L). In conformity with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory we suggest that the precipitation of nano-TiO2 was more pronounced in high than in low IS medium, causing a lower phototoxicity.
In summary, primary particle size and IS of the medium were identified as factors influencing phototoxicity of anatase nano-TiO2 to D. magna.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Under solar radiation several titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) are known to be phototoxic for daphnids. We investigated the influence of primary particle size (10, 25, and 220 nm) and ionic strength (IS) of the test medium on the acute phototoxicity of anatase TiO2 particles to Daphnia magna.
The intermediate sized particles (25 nm) showed the highest phototoxicity followed by the 10 nm and 220 nm sized particles (median effective concentrations (EC50): 0.53, 1.28, 3.88 mg/L). Photoactivity was specified by differentiating free radical dotOH radicals (therephthalic acid method) and on the other hand surface adsorbed, as well as free radical dotOH, electron holes, and
(electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, EPR). We show that the formation of free radical dotOH radicals increased with a decrease in primary particle size (terephthalic acid method), whereas the total measured ROS content was highest at an intermediate particle size of 25 nm, which consequently revealed the highest photoxicity. The photoactivities of the 10 and 220 nm particles as measured by EPR were comparable. We suggest that phototoxicity depends additionally on the particle–daphnia interaction area, which explains the higher photoxicity of the 10 nm particles compared to the 220 nm particles. Thus, phototoxicity is a function of the generation of different ROS and the particle–daphnia interaction area, both depending on particle size.
Phototoxicity of the 10 nm and 25 nm sized nanoparticles decreased as IS of the test medium increased (EC50: 2.9 and 1.1 mg/L). In conformity with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory we suggest that the precipitation of nano-TiO2 was more pronounced in high than in low IS medium, causing a lower phototoxicity.
In summary, primary particle size and IS of the medium were identified as factors influencing phototoxicity of anatase nano-TiO2 to D. magna.
The intermediate sized particles (25 nm) showed the highest phototoxicity followed by the 10 nm and 220 nm sized particles (median effective concentrations (EC50): 0.53, 1.28, 3.88 mg/L). Photoactivity was specified by differentiating free radical dotOH radicals (therephthalic acid method) and on the other hand surface adsorbed, as well as free radical dotOH, electron holes, and
(electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, EPR). We show that the formation of free radical dotOH radicals increased with a decrease in primary particle size (terephthalic acid method), whereas the total measured ROS content was highest at an intermediate particle size of 25 nm, which consequently revealed the highest photoxicity. The photoactivities of the 10 and 220 nm particles as measured by EPR were comparable. We suggest that phototoxicity depends additionally on the particle–daphnia interaction area, which explains the higher photoxicity of the 10 nm particles compared to the 220 nm particles. Thus, phototoxicity is a function of the generation of different ROS and the particle–daphnia interaction area, both depending on particle size.
Phototoxicity of the 10 nm and 25 nm sized nanoparticles decreased as IS of the test medium increased (EC50: 2.9 and 1.1 mg/L). In conformity with the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory we suggest that the precipitation of nano-TiO2 was more pronounced in high than in low IS medium, causing a lower phototoxicity.
In summary, primary particle size and IS of the medium were identified as factors influencing phototoxicity of anatase nano-TiO2 to D. magna.